Rail-fastening device.



H. A. W. THOMASSON.

RAIL FASTENING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. I4. 1915 1- 191, F1;g.2. fig.8. r1 4.- 119.5-

wf'sss' n INVENTOR.

B .M AiORNEK nnnnr n. w. THOMASSON', or nnnnmonanr, wasnrnoron, nssreneia or ownnew TO W. r 'nILLon, or isnnnrnurrnra, wasntrnsron.

BAIL-FASTENING nnvrcn.

insaeao.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January it, 1915. Serial No. 2,105.

To all whom it may concern. a

Be it known that l, HnNnYA.l/V.T1iornissoN, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of and Broadflstregets, Bellingham, in the county of Whatcom and State of Wa shington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rail-Fastening Devices, of which the following is a specification. I I p lily invention relates .to'in1provements in fastening devices for securing railroad rails to the cross-ties; and the objects of my improvements are first, to provide a spike which. when driven into the tie obliquely to the rail flange and in a plane parallel to the rail web, has its head so inclined to its body that said head may be flatly seated on said rail flange; second, to shape the spike heads so that\when the spikes are driven obliquely in the tie in pairs, with the head of one spike over and against the head of theother spike of a pair, said former spike may retain the,

latter in place in said tie; third, to shape the spike heads so that they may'present a proper surface for striking with a driving maul and also have suitable projections under which the claws of a claw bar may engage for withdrawing said spikes from said tie. and fourth, to provide casings for embedding in concrete cross-ties suitable to receive my improved rail spikes.

l attain these objectsby the devices illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings in which-- Figures 1 and .2 are two elevation views ofmy holding spike; Figs. 3 and flare two elevation views of my locking-and-holdlng spike; Fig. 5 is an elevation view showing one side of a rail and one end of a wooden ie in which the rail is secured to the tie by my holding spikes two 01: which are used on the side of therailillustrated. Fig. Sis-an elevation view of a rail and a wooden cross tie in which the rail is secured to the tie by both my holding and locking-and-holding spikes, one pair of which are used onthe side illustrated. Fig. '2' is an elevation View of a rail. and concrete cross-tie in which-tirail is fastened to the-tieby both my holding and locking-and-holding spikes, apair of which are used. on the side of the'rail illustrated; this figure further shows my imroved casin embedded in the concrete: and P I Fig. 8 is an elevation view of Fig. 7 as seian from the right'of said figure.

Similar characters refer to similar parts of the several views. Certain parts are broken into in order to show those hidden thereby.

Figs. 1 and '2 show my holding spike comprising the body 1. similar to the body of the ordinary rail spike and the T-head 3 transversely inclined to said body. The upper edge of this inclinedhead is flush with the spike body while the lower edge of said head preferably"-overhangs said body. Also the bottom surfaces of both arms of said T-head are inclined upward at an angle with said body preferably equal to the angle of inclination of the top surface of the rail flange, with which the spikes are to be used to its bottom surfaceplus 90. Furthermore the highest part of said inclined T-head is a flat surface or striking facet 3. or a surface which may becomeflat under the blows of the driving maul, located over and normal to body 1', transversely-inclined T-head 4: similar to head 3 except that the beveled surface 3 of Figs. 1 and 2 is not formed on head 4. Head t has the striking facet t at its highest part which is normal to and centrally over the longitudinal center line of body -2.

In Figs. 5, 6 is the cross-tie and 5 the rail having head 5*. web 5 and flange 5. Here two of the holding spikes'l are driven where two spikes are desired on one side of the rail but where it 1s not desired to use the holding and lockingand-l1olding spikes invlocking relation.

It can be observed. that because of the oblique direction of the spikes, 1, 1, Fig.5.

the tie 6, relative to rail 5. vibrations ofand pressure on said rail which tend to lift its flange oil of tie 6, will have less effect in withdrawing these obliquely driven spikes than if they were driven into the cross-tie normal to said rail flange as is Patented @ct. 1N2 1915..

into the cross-tie 6 on one side of the rail 5 1n the way 1n which I use them 1n a case l is It can also-The observed that the l facets 523-, 4 .provide a I suitableisurface on i which to strike W'ith'the driving maul-When an angle f driving the spikes, that the bottom surface of one arm of inclined T-head 3 is flatly seate the rail flange because the spike a s-shown,"i s driven-into the tie at .With' the rail flange, equal to the- "angle,. betvveen said spike body and said transversely'inclined T-head, and that the other ..arni;of T head 3 and the overhanging Side of; saidhead furnish a' hold for a claw bar. and :further that this other arm of the '-fT.- l 1ead 3. can be used to lie over the rail flange andhold the rail down whenthe said spike .is turned side about before being. :driven the cross-tie. In Fig. 5 the spikes v 1 ,are 'arranged to show opposite sides so thatattentionis called to the fact-that they may b'e 'driven on either side of the rail: and

slanting in either direction as above descri bed'. On' straight parts of the track it is usually 'suflicientto; drive one of the spikes fintli'ewooden/tie on each side of the track, ,25

for they are much more effective in holding the rails than are the ordinary straightlydriven spikes. At the curves two spikes can be used, driven as in Fig. 5, or both may be driven-to be slanting in the same directionwhich case isnot illustrated-or better yet, in lockingrelation with each other as in Fig.1; 6.: In Fig. '6, holding spike 1 is first driven into woodentie 6 so that its head 3. rests flatly. on-the flange of rail 5. .35

Then

locking-and-ho'lding spike 2 is driven along I f side of spike head 3, as shown, until its head is also home on the flange of the rail.

' It will be 'observed that flat edges of head 4, now, lies along side of and against bevel surface 3*,Yof spike head 3. Nowv since-surface 4c is directly in the line of travel of beveled surface 3*, the presence of the locking-and holding spike 2 as shown .in Fig. 6, will preventspike head 3 from moving from its seat on the rail flange, and hence spike 2, when in this position relative to spike 1, looks the latter in place. And this is not only true when the headof spike 2 is seated on the rail flange, but is also true even when spike 2 is partly out of the tie,

as shown in dotted outline at 2'. Fig. 6.

v Here the straight side of the body 2, lying and 4 afford a claw hold.

In Figs? and 8 each of casings 7, is formed of a piece of pipe or tube bent into the form ofa triangle, and the open ends of the pipe are tied together by the reinforcement 8. These triangular casings 7 are embedded in the concrete tie so that one may lie below and on each side of each of,

tained at-the proper gage. The spikes which I use with therasings 7, are in every respect similar to those used with wooden ties, as above explained, except that they are ordinarily shorter and are finished in a tapered blunt end rather than sharpened as for the former use. Because of these slight diiferences the parts of these latter spikes have been given the same designating characters as thosefirst above referred to.

The ties 10 are reinforced in a suitable manner. In Figs. 7RIl(l 8, I show the preferred location of reinforcing rods 9, in order to increasethe stability of casings 7. Other reinforcements can be added as desired. In Fig. 7, spike 2 is exposed by the removal'of a portion of casing 7. In Fig. 8, one of spikes 2, is entirely exposed by the removal of one leg of one of the triangular casings 7, and a portion of oneof the spikes 1, 1s also shown owing to the removal of a part of spike 2 and and also a part of the other leg of the casing triangle.

With the triangular casings 7, 7 embedded in the concrete ties 1-0,,as illustrated in Figs. 7=and8, and described above, the fastening of rail 5., to these -ities is a mere matter of firstdrivin'g holding spikes 1, in one of the legs of'each of said triangular casings 7, and then driving one of the locking-andholding spikes 2, in each of the other of said legs, so that these spikes may be associated .as shown in Fig. 7.

The size of the tube used for the casings 7, is such that the corners of the spikes body crowd themselves somewhat into the walls of said tubes, thus being quite firmly held thereby. In Fig. 7, as in Fig. 6, the part l of head 4, of locking spike 2 lies over against the part 3 of holding spike 1, so that spike 2, retains spike 1 in place in casing 7 also when spike 2 is partly removed to its dotted position at 2' Fig. 7 it still serves to retain spike 1 in its holding position.

It is customary to use straight pieces of pipe for spike casings in concrete ties,'said casings being embedded normal to the upper surface of the ties. And into these tubes spikes of square. cross section are driven to retain the rails in place. While I could offectively use such straight pieces of pipe set in the concrete tie at the proper angle for casings for my oblique headed spikes, I prefer the triangular form of casing as shown because of its added strength and the greater convenience of properly placing it in the, form in which the ties are molded.

Having thus particularly explained my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is '1. In a rail fastening device the combinationwith a rail, having a head, a web and a flange; and a cross-tie; of a rail spike having a body; a T-head the lower surface of which is inclined to said body transversely of said head, one side of said head not protruding beyond said body, said spike driven into said cross-tie obliquely to said rail flange and in a plane parallel to said rail web with one arm of said T-head seated on said rail flange.

2.1n a rail-fastening device the combination with a flanged rail, and a cross-tie, of two spikes, each having an inclined head, and each driven into said tie obliquely to said flange with said heads seated on said flange and one of said heads lying over and against the other of said heads, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In a rail-fastening device the combina tion with arail, having a head a web and a flange; anda cross-tie; of, two rail spikes each having abody and a transversely-inclined T-head, each of said heads having a striking facet, and the head of the former of said spikes having the beveled surface 3 said spikes driven into said cross-tie oblique'ly to said rail flange and in a plane parallel to said rail Web and each having one arm of its T-head seated on said rail flange and'one edge of the head of the latter spike lyingover and against the said beveled surface 3 on the head of the former spike.

4. Ina rail-fastening device the combinat1on with a concrete he of a pair of spike caslngs embedded therein, said casings comprising the ends of a pipe shaped into the form of a triangle.

5. In a rail-fastening device the combination with a flanged rail, and a concrete crosstie, of a plurality of pairs of spike casings embedded in said tie, each of said pairs of casings comprising the ends of a pipe shaped into the form of a triangle, and a pair of rail spikes, having inclined heads, driven into each of said pairs of casings with said heads seated on said flange and one of said heads of each of said pairs of spikes lying over and against the other of said heads.

6. In a rail-fastening device the combination with a rail having a head a Web and a flange; a concrete cross-tie; and a pair of spike casings embedded in said cross-tie on each side of said rail flange, each casing oblique to said rail' flange and in a plane parallel to said rail web, the members of said pairs of casings diverging fIOIItQLlCll other from their tops downward; of a pair of spikes, having inclined heads, driven into each pair of said casings in such manner that the head of one of said spikes of said pair lies over and against the, head of the other of said spikes and the heads of both of said spikes seated on said rail flange.

Signed at Bellingham, in the county of Whatcom and State of \Vashington, this sixth day of January, A. D. 1915.

' HENRY A. W. THOMASSON.

Witnesses:

R. S. SIMPSOX, JOHX L. THOMAS. 

